Typography

Define typography?
The art of expressing ideas through the selection of appropriate typefaces.
Creating and modifying type using a variety of illustration techniques.


Where did the word "typography" originate from?
Typo-greek for form graphy-greek word for writing


What does typography involve?
using type, fonts, style and rearrange them into an image that is pleasing to the eye


What is a typeface?
Distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/design.


What is another term for typeface?
Another term for typeface is more commonly called 'Fonts'.


What is a character?
A character is a individual symbol that makes up a typeface. (Letters, numbers, and punctuation)


What is type style?
Modifications in a typeface that creates design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface.


What does type style "create" within a design?
Bold, italic, condensed, roman, heavy


What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
Imaginary  line drawn at the middle of the characters.


What is a base line and what does it indicate?
Imaginary line drawn at the bottom of the characters.


What is an ascender?
The part of the character that extends above the waist line.


What is a descender?
The part of the character that extends below the base line.


Describe a serif?
Smaller line used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character.


How can the size of the typeface be identified?
The vertical measurement


What is a point?
A subdivision of a pica


How many points are in an inch?
There are 72 points in an inch


What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
There are 6 picas in an inch.


How many points are in a pica?
There are 12 points in one pica.


What is body type and where can it be found?
Type size that range from 4 points through 12 points. These sizes are found in places where there is a lot of text to be read.


What is display type and how is it used?
Type sizes above 12 points. Typically, these sizes are used to draw attention to a message. {Head lines, sub-headlines, etc.}


What is reverse type and when would it be used?
Reverse type uses a white type on a solid black or darker color background. If the text is too small, reverse type can be difficult on the eyes. Display type would then be necessary.


What is a typeface classification?
A basic system for classifying type faces was devised in the 19th century when printers sought to identify a heritage for their own craft.


When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?
Blackletter is the earliest of the typefaces. It was used with the inventions of the printing press in the mid 1400s.  Blckletter is most often seen in official documents such as diplomas, certificates, or formal invitations.


Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?
They resemble the calligraphy of the time and are highly ornamental with elaborate thick to thin strokes.


When was Old Style invneted and what was is based on?
Old style or roman. It was based on ancient roman inscriptions and created to replace blackletter typefaces.


Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
wedge-shaped font made with flexible brushes or pens and have aried strokes reminiscent of handwriting.


When were formal scripts developed?
17th and 18th centuries.


When were casual scripts developed?
20th century.


Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
based on cursive handwriting


When was Modern typefaces developed and why?
18th and 19th century. for a radical break from traditional typography of the time.


Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
sharp contrast between thick and thin strokes and have thin, flat serifs.


How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
20th century. no serifs


When did they become popular?
1920s


What does "sans serif" mean?
without serifs


Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
chunky serifs, boring, monotone appearance.


When was Slab Serif developed and why?
19th century for advertising purposes.


Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
uniform line weight and thicker, square serifs.


Describe Decorative typefaces?
most distinctive styles and have a certain purpose or theme in mind


Why were they developed?
to fit into different themes and purposes


What are they best used for?
Advertising and getting attention. 

Review Week 3

What does it take to create good graphic design?

understanding of the materials

What is the difference between elements and principles?

elements of design is what you use to create the design. principles are more of rules of design.

Name the six (6) elements of design.

color, texture, shape, value, line, space

What can lines aid in, when alone or combined with  other lines or shapes?

ability to understand the message

Which lines suggest a feeling of rest? Why do you think?

horizontal lines, because they relax on the horizon and are more calm

Vertical lines communicate a feeling of what? Why do you think?

height and more energy.vertical lines are more energetic because they give the feeling of rising to me.

What lines suggest a feeling of movement? Why do you think?

curved lines. since they look like they're moving

Soft, shallow curved lines suggest what? Why do you think?

a calm feeling a movement an perspective

What element defines a specific area of space?

shapes

What is the difference between two dimensional shapes and three dimensional shapes?

2 dimensional stay on the page when 3 dimensional look like they're coming out at you

Describe the difference between geometric shapes and organic shapes?

organic is more natural shapes like in nature and geometric shapes are more abstract What are abstract shapes?

abstract shapes are more simplified natural shapes

Which basic shape projects an attitude of honesty or equality?

square

What do triangles suggest?

anger or upsetting feelings

Circles convey feelings of what?

Describe positive space and negative space?

positive and negative space create balance and rest the eye on the main part of you design.

What is texture?

an imprint on your image

Incorporating texture into a design can help do what?

create depth and feeling

What is value?

contrast of lights, shadowing

What is another name for value?

color

What can the element of color do when incorporated into a design?

you can easily tell the image and get the message across faster

Review Week 4

Why/how can icons be used to communicate? 

Icons can easily portray a message that is understandable.

Via the internet, find 2 examples of common icons that clearly communicate their message. Post both in this entry.

What is the difference between copyright and public domain? copy right you have to be allowed to use there property. Public Domain means any one can use it.

How can you avoid plagairism in this class? In other classes?

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Review Week 5

<--Shape

In this poster shapes are used to give you the feeling of depth and an allusion.

<--Texture

The texture of the leaf gives you feeling of if its soft, smooth, hard, bumpy, or soft. The veins on this leaf give it texture.

 <--Value

The contrast of lighting and the shadowing portrays the value in this piece.

<--Lines

The lines in the back round of this poster help you to focus on the main scene, yet giving you the interest to look at the poster in the first place.

<--Space

The space in this picture you can see an insect in the positive space and 2 heads in the negative space.

Review Week 6

What is the pen tool used for?

The pen tool is used for creating your own images and tracing images of texture, space, shapes, ect. It is important to know how to use this tool because it is one of the most commonly use tools if you cannot have the computer automatically do what you want, for you.

How can you manipulate a path/line in Illustrator? Discuss the use of the white arrow tool, pen+, pen-, and convert too.

You can use the white arrow tool, pen+, pen-, and the carrot tool. You can add or take out anchors to make your lines smoother or sharper. The converter can make a sharp corner round or a round corner sharp.

How can you utilize the layers palette in Illustrator?

How do you create a clipping mask in Adobe Illustrator?

After you have made your image. Make a box around what you want. (this box will have no fill and no outline.) Bring the box to the front. Select everything inside and outside of your box. Go under 'objects' in your menu bar. Go down to clipping mask and click on 'create'.

Layers help bye being able to draw/create a different part of your image in an orderly way. You can store your 

Layers are important to know hoe to use because they can keep you from making unintentional mistake and can keep your work organized. You can lock you layers, so you don't write on them, or you can hide your layer, so you can't see it.